3D Ambient Noise Mapping using Wittekind Model in Indian Ocean.

The dumping of dangerous chemical, physical, or biological pollutants into the water is only one aspect of pollution in the ocean. Both natural and man-made noise sources contribute to ocean ambient noise. The latter being strongly tied  to the maritime shipping sector, acoustic sources. How acoustic waves behave is a prospective area for in-depth research and mapping in the Indian littoral
waters. Waters along the Tropical Littoral of the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) result in worse than ideal SONARS results, with performance drops of up to 70% due to adverse circumstances in the medium. Ambient Noise causes disturbance to marine mammals. It is also recognized as an obstacle for maritime security and strategic missions. It also affects the Health of Divers. For improved Underwater Domain Awareness, the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) needs to have better acoustic capability (UDA). A 3D sound map can show the variation of sound at different depths in addition to the variation of sound on the surface. This mapping and characterisation of ambient noise in shallow water that is caused by distant ships can help set up inland canals, communication channels, and sensor deployment for effective AIS data collecting. The study makes use of information from earlier physical measurements to verify the simulations for the area.